Secondary Module 6: Gaining the Mechanical Advantage

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Learning Objectives

  • Explain how levers, pulleys, and hydraulics create mechanical advantage, and apply these concepts to Olympic sailing and America’s Cup technology. 
  • Design, build, and test a standard hydraulic arm, and collect and record data on its ability to lift mass. 
  • Modify and improve a hydraulic arm using the SCAMPER process, then evaluate how changes impact lifting capacity through re-testing and analysis.
  • Present and compare class results, analyse which design modifications were most effective, and connect findings to America’s Cup hydraulic systems and careers.

Lesson Description

This module is broken into five lessons :

Lesson 1 - Intro to levers, pulleys and hydraulics:
Students will explore levers, pulleys and hydraulics and how they are used in the world of sailing. Concepts such mechanical advantage and how to calculate it will be explored. Students will learn about careers in the America’s Cup in the ‘STEM in Focus’ section.

Lesson 2 - STEM Challenge Part One - Build a hydraulic arm:

Students will now focus on the important role of hydraulics on high-tech race yachts such as the AC75 and it’s “Foil Cant” lever system. Over one lesson, students will use the method provided to ‘Build a standard hydraulic arm’ and test it’s ability to lift mass while also collecting data.

Lesson 3 - STEM Challenge Part Two - Improve, Create, Test:

Students will have an opportunity to use SCAMPER to modify the original design in order to ‘Build a hydraulic arm that is able to lift the most mass’. They will then build this new design with these changes, re- test it and note any changes/ improvements.

Lesson 4 - Class test day, analysis and extension:

Each group will present their new design to the teacher who will test this final design in front of the class to compile data and discuss benefits of certain changes. Students will also analysetheir design using the STEM Challenge Analysis Questions section.

Lesson 5 - Optional 'Extra for Experts':
If time permits, students will begin the ‘Extra for Experts’ section. This is a series of application questions that are based on the reading and understanding of the entire module.

Please note Lesson times are a pacing guide. You can adjust the pace depending on your school's timetable/students' abilities.

Educational Video

 Resources

Access your resources

  • Secondary Teaching Program (Linked to Australian Curriculum
  • Secondary Module 6 Teacher Guide
  • Secondary Module 6 Student Workbook 
  • Secondary Module 6 Student Workbook (Answers)
  • Secondary Module 6 Student PowerPoint
  • Secondary Module 6 Teacher PowerPoint
  • Secondary Module 6 Lab Request Form
  • Secondary Module 6 Assessment
  • Secondary Module 6 Assessment Answer Key

 

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Other Modules

Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Module 4 Module 5
Module 6 Module 7 Module 8 Module 9 Module 10